Base form


First Legendre transforms

Helmholtz energy AVT



Enthalpy HSP




Modified energy U´Sµ




Second Transform

Note: The title symbol UVS represents the mathematical expression U=f(V,S). In each case presented, the three-dimensional function is derived by scaling the higher-dimensional precursor using a particular extensive variable. For example, U=f(V,S,N) is scaled by N to give the molar-based function U=f(V,S). The binary second transform A´=f(T,µ,N2,V) is scaled by the volume and plotted at a fixed temperature to give the density-based function

The title symbols follow the convention

but the mathematical expressions usually show the transformed independent variables (µi,T,P) first in the argument list.


























Iowa State University